Principles of Optics

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Principles of Optics

Quality:

Principles of Optics: Electromagnetic Theory of Propagation, Interference and Diffraction of Light - Book by Max Born and Emil Wolf. Article “Principles of Optics” in French Wikipedia has 30.1 points for quality (as of July 1, 2025). The article contains 23 references and 7 sections.

This article has the best quality in English Wikipedia. Also, this article is the most popular in that (French) language version.

Since the creation of article “Principles of Optics”, its content was written by 7 registered users of French Wikipedia and edited by 25 registered Wikipedia users in all languages.

The article is cited 3 times in French Wikipedia and cited 80 times in all languages.

The highest Authors Interest rank from 2001:

  • Local (French): #163765 in August 2022
  • Global: #203067 in January 2021

The highest popularity rank from 2008:

  • Local (French): #402501 in December 2017
  • Global: #445282 in January 2021

There are 2 language versions for this article in the WikiRank database (of the considered 55 Wikipedia language editions).

The quality and popularity assessment was based on Wikipédia dumps from July 1, 2025 (including revision history and pageviews for previous years).

The table below shows the language versions of the article with the highest quality.

Languages with the highest quality

#LanguageQuality gradeQuality score
1English (en)
Principles of Optics
61.3697
2French (fr)
Principles of Optics
30.1279
More...

The following table shows the most popular language versions of the article.

Most popular in all the time

The most popular language versions of the article "Principles of Optics" in all the time
#LanguagePopularity awardRelative popularity
1English (en)
Principles of Optics
43 245
2French (fr)
Principles of Optics
4 331
More...

The following table shows the language versions of the article with the highest popularity in the last month.

Most popular in June 2025

The most popular language versions of the article "Principles of Optics" in June 2025
#LanguagePopularity awardRelative popularity
1English (en)
Principles of Optics
609
2French (fr)
Principles of Optics
23
More...

The following table shows the language versions of the article with the highest Authors’ Interest.

The highest AI

Language versions of the article "Principles of Optics" with the highest Authors Interest (number of authors). Only registered Wikipedia users were taken into account.
#LanguageAI awardRelative AI
1English (en)
Principles of Optics
18
2French (fr)
Principles of Optics
7
More...

The following table shows the language versions of the article with the highest Authors’ Interest in the last month.

The highest AI in June 2025

Language versions of the article "Principles of Optics" with the highest AI in June 2025
#LanguageAI awardRelative AI
1English (en)
Principles of Optics
0
2French (fr)
Principles of Optics
0
More...

The following table shows the language versions of the article with the highest number of citations.

The highest CI

Language versions of the article "Principles of Optics" with the highest Citation Index (CI)
#LanguageCI awardRelative CI
1English (en)
Principles of Optics
77
2French (fr)
Principles of Optics
3
More...

Scores

Estimated value for Wikipedia:
French:
Global:
Popularity in June 2025:
French:
Global:
Popularity in all years:
French:
Global:
Authors in June 2025:
French:
Global:
Registered authors in all years:
French:
Global:
Citations:
French:
Global:

Quality measures

Interwikis

#LanguageValue
enEnglish
Principles of Optics
frFrench
Principles of Optics

Popularity rank trends

Best Rank French:
#402501
12.2017
Global:
#445282
01.2021

AI rank trends

Best Rank French:
#163765
08.2022
Global:
#203067
01.2021

Languages comparison

Important global interconnections (July 2024 – June 2025)

Wikipedia readers most often find their way to information on Principles of Optics: Electromagnetic Theory of Propagation, Interference and Diffraction of Light from Wikipedia articles about Transfer-matrix method, Emil Wolf, Snells law, Babinets principle and Optical dispersion. Whereas reading the article about Principles of Optics: Electromagnetic Theory of Propagation, Interference and Diffraction of Light people most often go to Wikipedia articles on Max Born, Emil Wolf, Robert Maxwell, List of textbooks in electromagnetism and Classical literature.

Cumulative results of quality and popularity of the Wikipedia article

List of Wikipedia articles in different languages (starting with the most popular):

News from 21 February 2026

On 21 February 2026 in multilingual Wikipedia, Internet users most often read articles on the following topics: Jeffrey Epstein, Alysa Liu, Eric Dane, 2026 Winter Olympics, Rebecca Gayheart, Johannes Høsflot Klæbo, Wuthering Heights, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Andrew Mountbatten-Windsor, John F. Kennedy Jr..

In French Wikipedia the most popular articles on that day were: Eric Dane, Océane Michelon, Mort de Quentin Deranque, Julia Simon, Alysa Liu, Marina Ferrari, Rebecca Gayheart, Pauline Gamerre, Sclérose latérale amyotrophique, Ophélie David.

About WikiRank

The WikiRank project is intended for automatic relative evaluation of the articles in the various language versions of Wikipedia. At the moment the service allows to compare over 44 million Wikipedia articles in 55 languages. Quality scores of articles are based on Wikipedia dumps from July, 2025. When calculating current popularity and AI of articles data from June 2025 was taken into account. For historical values of popularity and AI WikiRank used data from 2001 to 2025... More information