Particle Swarm Optimization

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Particle Swarm Optimization

Quality:

Particle swarm optimization - optimization method using a set of candidate solutions moving around in the search-space. Article “Particle Swarm Optimization” in Italian Wikipedia has 15.2 points for quality (as of July 1, 2025). The article contains 3 references and 3 sections. The article also contains templates indicating quality issues, therefore its score was reduced by 0.8 points.

This article has the best quality in English Wikipedia. Also, this article is the most popular in that (Italian) language version.

Since the creation of article “Particle Swarm Optimization”, its content was written by 18 registered users of Italian Wikipedia and edited by 396 registered Wikipedia users in all languages.

The article is cited 97 times in Italian Wikipedia and cited 937 times in all languages.

The highest Authors Interest rank from 2001:

  • Local (Italian): #12691 in March 2011
  • Global: #25378 in October 2003

The highest popularity rank from 2008:

  • Local (Italian): #163545 in October 2013
  • Global: #40586 in January 2012

There are 19 language versions for this article in the WikiRank database (of the considered 55 Wikipedia language editions).

The quality and popularity assessment was based on Wikipédia dumps from July 1, 2025 (including revision history and pageviews for previous years).

The table below shows the language versions of the article with the highest quality.

Languages with the highest quality

#LanguageQuality gradeQuality score
1English (en)
Particle swarm optimization
80.2033
2Indonesian (id)
Particle swarm optimization
78.7638
3Spanish (es)
Optimización por enjambre de partículas
49.833
4Ukrainian (uk)
Метод рою часток
33.9425
5Russian (ru)
Метод роя частиц
31.2249
6Serbian (sr)
Optimizacija roja čestica
25.2239
7German (de)
Partikelschwarmoptimierung
24.9039
8Chinese (zh)
粒子群优化
24.7353
9Czech (cs)
Optimalizace hejnem částic
23.1105
10Arabic (ar)
استمثال عناصر السرب
17.8528
More...

The following table shows the most popular language versions of the article.

Most popular in all the time

The most popular language versions of the article "Particle Swarm Optimization" in all the time
#LanguagePopularity awardRelative popularity
1English (en)
Particle swarm optimization
2 434 828
2Chinese (zh)
粒子群优化
242 411
3Persian (fa)
روش بهینه‌سازی ازدحام ذرات
182 183
4Japanese (ja)
粒子群最適化
156 906
5French (fr)
Optimisation par essaims particulaires
115 719
6Russian (ru)
Метод роя частиц
103 002
7Spanish (es)
Optimización por enjambre de partículas
89 752
8German (de)
Partikelschwarmoptimierung
60 279
9Portuguese (pt)
Optimização por enxame de partículas
41 218
10Italian (it)
Particle Swarm Optimization
39 056
More...

The following table shows the language versions of the article with the highest popularity in the last month.

Most popular in June 2025

The most popular language versions of the article "Particle Swarm Optimization" in June 2025
#LanguagePopularity awardRelative popularity
1English (en)
Particle swarm optimization
7 284
2Chinese (zh)
粒子群优化
757
3Russian (ru)
Метод роя частиц
370
4French (fr)
Optimisation par essaims particulaires
363
5Japanese (ja)
粒子群最適化
300
6Spanish (es)
Optimización por enjambre de partículas
256
7German (de)
Partikelschwarmoptimierung
200
8Persian (fa)
روش بهینه‌سازی ازدحام ذرات
158
9Vietnamese (vi)
Tối ưu bầy đàn
149
10Italian (it)
Particle Swarm Optimization
126
More...

The following table shows the language versions of the article with the highest Authors’ Interest.

The highest AI

Language versions of the article "Particle Swarm Optimization" with the highest Authors Interest (number of authors). Only registered Wikipedia users were taken into account.
#LanguageAI awardRelative AI
1English (en)
Particle swarm optimization
181
2French (fr)
Optimisation par essaims particulaires
38
3Persian (fa)
روش بهینه‌سازی ازدحام ذرات
30
4Chinese (zh)
粒子群优化
25
5Italian (it)
Particle Swarm Optimization
18
6Vietnamese (vi)
Tối ưu bầy đàn
17
7Russian (ru)
Метод роя частиц
14
8German (de)
Partikelschwarmoptimierung
11
9Hebrew (he)
אופטימיזציית הנחיל
11
10Portuguese (pt)
Optimização por enxame de partículas
10
More...

The following table shows the language versions of the article with the highest Authors’ Interest in the last month.

The highest AI in June 2025

Language versions of the article "Particle Swarm Optimization" with the highest AI in June 2025
#LanguageAI awardRelative AI
1Korean (ko)
입자 군집 최적화
2
2French (fr)
Optimisation par essaims particulaires
1
3Arabic (ar)
استمثال عناصر السرب
0
4Czech (cs)
Optimalizace hejnem částic
0
5German (de)
Partikelschwarmoptimierung
0
6English (en)
Particle swarm optimization
0
7Spanish (es)
Optimización por enjambre de partículas
0
8Persian (fa)
روش بهینه‌سازی ازدحام ذرات
0
9Hebrew (he)
אופטימיזציית הנחיל
0
10Hindi (hi)
कण दल इष्टतमीकरण
0
More...

The following table shows the language versions of the article with the highest number of citations.

The highest CI

Language versions of the article "Particle Swarm Optimization" with the highest Citation Index (CI)
#LanguageCI awardRelative CI
1English (en)
Particle swarm optimization
215
2French (fr)
Optimisation par essaims particulaires
133
3Japanese (ja)
粒子群最適化
110
4Italian (it)
Particle Swarm Optimization
97
5Persian (fa)
روش بهینه‌سازی ازدحام ذرات
86
6Portuguese (pt)
Optimização por enxame de partículas
59
7Russian (ru)
Метод роя частиц
56
8Arabic (ar)
استمثال عناصر السرب
48
9Ukrainian (uk)
Метод рою часток
47
10Chinese (zh)
粒子群优化
27
More...

Scores

Estimated value for Wikipedia:
Italian:
Global:
Popularity in June 2025:
Italian:
Global:
Popularity in all years:
Italian:
Global:
Authors in June 2025:
Italian:
Global:
Registered authors in all years:
Italian:
Global:
Citations:
Italian:
Global:

Quality measures

Interwikis

#LanguageValue
arArabic
استمثال عناصر السرب
csCzech
Optimalizace hejnem částic
deGerman
Partikelschwarmoptimierung
enEnglish
Particle swarm optimization
esSpanish
Optimización por enjambre de partículas
faPersian
روش بهینه‌سازی ازدحام ذرات
frFrench
Optimisation par essaims particulaires
heHebrew
אופטימיזציית הנחיל
hiHindi
कण दल इष्टतमीकरण
idIndonesian
Particle swarm optimization
itItalian
Particle Swarm Optimization
jaJapanese
粒子群最適化
koKorean
입자 군집 최적화
ptPortuguese
Optimização por enxame de partículas
ruRussian
Метод роя частиц
srSerbian
Optimizacija roja čestica
ukUkrainian
Метод рою часток
viVietnamese
Tối ưu bầy đàn
zhChinese
粒子群优化

Popularity rank trends

Best Rank Italian:
#163545
10.2013
Global:
#40586
01.2012

AI rank trends

Best Rank Italian:
#12691
03.2011
Global:
#25378
10.2003

Languages comparison

Important global interconnections (July 2024 – June 2025)

Wikipedia readers most often find their way to information on Particle swarm optimization from Wikipedia articles about Swarm intelligence, Derivative-free optimization, PSO, Simulated annealing and Metaheuristic. Whereas reading the article about Particle swarm optimization people most often go to Wikipedia articles on Swarm intelligence, Metaheuristic, Artificial bee colony algorithm, Artificial bee colony algorithm and Multi-swarm optimization.

Cumulative results of quality and popularity of the Wikipedia article

List of Wikipedia articles in different languages (starting with the most popular):

News from 12 August 2025

On 12 August 2025 in multilingual Wikipedia, Internet users most often read articles on the following topics: Cristiano Ronaldo, Wednesday, Georgina Rodríguez, ChatGPT, Weapons, Jenna Ortega, deaths in 2025, Taylor Swift, Miguel Uribe Turbay, 2025–26 UEFA Champions League.

In Italian Wikipedia the most popular articles on that day were: La dea fortuna, Gabriel Diallo, Eccidio di Sant'Anna di Stazzema, Raimondo Vianello, Mercoledì (serie televisiva), Mia Martini, Anna (rapper), Sandra Mondaini, Adrian Mannarino, Gianluigi Donnarumma.

About WikiRank

The WikiRank project is intended for automatic relative evaluation of the articles in the various language versions of Wikipedia. At the moment the service allows to compare over 44 million Wikipedia articles in 55 languages. Quality scores of articles are based on Wikipedia dumps from July, 2025. When calculating current popularity and AI of articles data from June 2025 was taken into account. For historical values of popularity and AI WikiRank used data from 2001 to 2025... More information