Second-order logic

Second-order logic - extension of first-order logic allowing quantification over functions and relations. Article "Second-order logic" in English Wikipedia has 41.7 points for quality (as of July 1, 2025). The article contains 14 references and 14 sections.

In this language version of Wikipedia the article has the best quality. Also, this article is the most popular in that language version.

Since the creation of article "Second-order logic", its content was written by 150 registered users of English Wikipedia and edited by 342 registered Wikipedia users in all languages.

The article is cited 442 times in English Wikipedia and cited 1355 times in all languages.

The highest Authors Interest rank from 2001:

• Local (English): #10749 in February 2005
• Global: #39367 in February 2005

The highest popularity rank from 2008:

• Local (English): #127303 in February 2008
• Global: #138649 in February 2008

There are 15 language versions for this article in the WikiRank database (of the considered 55 Wikipedia language editions).

The quality and popularity assessment was based on Wikipédia dumps from July 1, 2025 (including revision history and pageviews for previous years).

The table below shows the language versions of the article with the highest quality.

#	Language	Quality grade	Quality score
1	English (en) Second-order logic		41.7033
2	German (de) Prädikatenlogik zweiter Stufe		36.6482
3	Chinese (zh) 二階邏輯		26.8878
4	Korean (ko) 2차 논리		22.4362
5	Greek (el) Λογική δευτέρου βαθμού		21.9965
6	Polish (pl) Rachunek predykatów drugiego rzędu		19.8912
7	Catalan (ca) Lògica de segon ordre		19.5335
8	Portuguese (pt) Lógica de segunda ordem		15.2644
9	Spanish (es) Lógica de segundo orden		13.7972
10	Arabic (ar) منطق الرتبة الثانية		13.6085

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The following table shows the most popular language versions of the article.

The most popular language versions of the article "Second-order logic" in all the time

#	Language	Popularity award	Relative popularity
1	English (en) Second-order logic		1 088 208
2	Spanish (es) Lógica de segundo orden		148 731
3	Russian (ru) Логика второго порядка		132 101
4	Japanese (ja) 二階述語論理		98 737
5	German (de) Prädikatenlogik zweiter Stufe		79 826
6	Chinese (zh) 二階邏輯		79 059
7	Portuguese (pt) Lógica de segunda ordem		62 447
8	Hebrew (he) לוגיקה מסדר שני		16 754
9	Korean (ko) 2차 논리		14 815
10	Swedish (sv) Andra ordningens logik		13 840

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The following table shows the language versions of the article with the highest popularity in the last month.

The most popular language versions of the article "Second-order logic" in June 2025

#	Language	Popularity award	Relative popularity
1	English (en) Second-order logic		5 148
2	Japanese (ja) 二階述語論理		522
3	Russian (ru) Логика второго порядка		507
4	Chinese (zh) 二階邏輯		353
5	Spanish (es) Lógica de segundo orden		324
6	German (de) Prädikatenlogik zweiter Stufe		308
7	Portuguese (pt) Lógica de segunda ordem		105
8	Hebrew (he) לוגיקה מסדר שני		98
9	Korean (ko) 2차 논리		85
10	Polish (pl) Rachunek predykatów drugiego rzędu		54

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The following table shows the language versions of the article with the highest Authors’ Interest.

Language versions of the article "Second-order logic" with the highest Authors Interest (number of authors). Only registered Wikipedia users were taken into account.

#	Language	AI award	Relative AI
1	English (en) Second-order logic		150
2	German (de) Prädikatenlogik zweiter Stufe		36
3	Russian (ru) Логика второго порядка		31
4	Chinese (zh) 二階邏輯		23
5	Spanish (es) Lógica de segundo orden		18
6	Japanese (ja) 二階述語論理		12
7	Portuguese (pt) Lógica de segunda ordem		12
8	Catalan (ca) Lògica de segon ordre		11
9	Hebrew (he) לוגיקה מסדר שני		10
10	Greek (el) Λογική δευτέρου βαθμού		8

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The following table shows the language versions of the article with the highest Authors’ Interest in the last month.

Language versions of the article "Second-order logic" with the highest AI in June 2025

#	Language	AI award	Relative AI
1	Spanish (es) Lógica de segundo orden		1
2	Arabic (ar) منطق الرتبة الثانية		0
3	Catalan (ca) Lògica de segon ordre		0
4	German (de) Prädikatenlogik zweiter Stufe		0
5	Greek (el) Λογική δευτέρου βαθμού		0
6	English (en) Second-order logic		0
7	Hebrew (he) לוגיקה מסדר שני		0
8	Japanese (ja) 二階述語論理		0
9	Korean (ko) 2차 논리		0
10	Polish (pl) Rachunek predykatów drugiego rzędu		0

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The following table shows the language versions of the article with the highest number of citations.

Language versions of the article "Second-order logic" with the highest Citation Index (CI)

#	Language	CI award	Relative CI
1	English (en) Second-order logic		442
2	Portuguese (pt) Lógica de segunda ordem		187
3	Ukrainian (uk) Логіка другого порядку		173
4	Russian (ru) Логика второго порядка		104
5	Japanese (ja) 二階述語論理		95
6	Chinese (zh) 二階邏輯		93
7	Arabic (ar) منطق الرتبة الثانية		64
8	Korean (ko) 2차 논리		60
9	Spanish (es) Lógica de segundo orden		43
10	German (de) Prädikatenlogik zweiter Stufe		32

More...

#	Language	Value
ar	Arabic منطق الرتبة الثانية
ca	Catalan Lògica de segon ordre
de	German Prädikatenlogik zweiter Stufe
el	Greek Λογική δευτέρου βαθμού
en	English Second-order logic
es	Spanish Lógica de segundo orden
he	Hebrew לוגיקה מסדר שני
ja	Japanese 二階述語論理
ko	Korean 2차 논리
pl	Polish Rachunek predykatów drugiego rzędu
pt	Portuguese Lógica de segunda ordem
ru	Russian Логика второго порядка
sv	Swedish Andra ordningens logik
uk	Ukrainian Логіка другого порядку
zh	Chinese 二階邏輯

Best Rank

English: #127303 02.2008

Global: #138649 02.2008

Best Rank

English: #10749 02.2005

Global: #39367 02.2005

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The WikiRank project is intended for automatic relative evaluation of the articles in the various language versions of Wikipedia. At the moment the service allows to compare over 44 million Wikipedia articles in 55 languages. Quality scores of articles are based on Wikipedia dumps from July, 2025. When calculating current popularity and AI of articles data from June 2025 was taken into account. For historical values of popularity and AI WikiRank used data from 2001 to 2025... More information