Handicap principle

en

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Handicap principle

Quality:

Handicap principle - hypothesis in evolutionary biology. Article “Handicap principle” in English Wikipedia has 70.3 points for quality (as of July 1, 2025). The article contains 68 references and 12 sections.

In this language version of Wikipedia the article has the best quality. Also, this article is the most popular in that (English) language version.

In June 2025 the article “Handicap principle” was edited by 1 authors in English Wikipedia and written by 3 authors in all languages.

Since the creation of article “Handicap principle”, its content was written by 122 registered users of English Wikipedia and edited by 470 registered Wikipedia users in all languages.

The article is cited 331 times in English Wikipedia and cited 997 times in all languages.

The highest Authors Interest rank from 2001:

  • Local (English): #13501 in October 2003
  • Global: #25124 in October 2003

The highest popularity rank from 2008:

  • Local (English): #60714 in May 2015
  • Global: #99713 in May 2015

There are 20 language versions for this article in the WikiRank database (of the considered 55 Wikipedia language editions).

The quality and popularity assessment was based on Wikipédia dumps from July 1, 2025 (including revision history and pageviews for previous years).

The table below shows the language versions of the article with the highest quality.

Languages with the highest quality

#LanguageQuality gradeQuality score
1English (en)
Handicap principle
70.2601
2German (de)
Handicap-Prinzip
51.7935
3Catalan (ca)
Principi de l'hàndicap
44.4364
4Japanese (ja)
ハンディキャップ理論
36.4272
5Swedish (sv)
Handikappsprincipen
36.2703
6Norwegian (no)
Handikapprinsippet
33.4126
7Czech (cs)
Hypotéza handicapů
32.0085
8Turkish (tr)
Handikap ilkesi
30.0241
9Italian (it)
Principio dell'handicap
24.1634
10Hebrew (he)
עקרון ההכבדה
23.663
More...

The following table shows the most popular language versions of the article.

Most popular in all the time

The most popular language versions of the article "Handicap principle" in all the time
#LanguagePopularity awardRelative popularity
1English (en)
Handicap principle
980 329
2German (de)
Handicap-Prinzip
191 832
3Russian (ru)
Концепция гандикапа
138 114
4Hebrew (he)
עקרון ההכבדה
131 819
5Japanese (ja)
ハンディキャップ理論
131 598
6French (fr)
Théorie du handicap
84 459
7Spanish (es)
Principio del handicap
39 994
8Polish (pl)
Hipoteza upośledzenia
37 302
9Italian (it)
Principio dell'handicap
23 066
10Portuguese (pt)
Princípio do handicap
14 314
More...

The following table shows the language versions of the article with the highest popularity in the last month.

Most popular in June 2025

The most popular language versions of the article "Handicap principle" in June 2025
#LanguagePopularity awardRelative popularity
1English (en)
Handicap principle
4 146
2Hebrew (he)
עקרון ההכבדה
626
3Russian (ru)
Концепция гандикапа
602
4German (de)
Handicap-Prinzip
445
5Japanese (ja)
ハンディキャップ理論
432
6Simple English (simple)
Handicap principle
329
7French (fr)
Théorie du handicap
300
8Polish (pl)
Hipoteza upośledzenia
132
9Spanish (es)
Principio del handicap
106
10Italian (it)
Principio dell'handicap
75
More...

The following table shows the language versions of the article with the highest Authors’ Interest.

The highest AI

Language versions of the article "Handicap principle" with the highest Authors Interest (number of authors). Only registered Wikipedia users were taken into account.
#LanguageAI awardRelative AI
1English (en)
Handicap principle
122
2Hebrew (he)
עקרון ההכבדה
66
3German (de)
Handicap-Prinzip
54
4French (fr)
Théorie du handicap
41
5Russian (ru)
Концепция гандикапа
40
6Italian (it)
Principio dell'handicap
24
7Japanese (ja)
ハンディキャップ理論
23
8Norwegian (no)
Handikapprinsippet
22
9Polish (pl)
Hipoteza upośledzenia
15
10Swedish (sv)
Handikappsprincipen
10
More...

The following table shows the language versions of the article with the highest Authors’ Interest in the last month.

The highest AI in June 2025

Language versions of the article "Handicap principle" with the highest AI in June 2025
#LanguageAI awardRelative AI
1German (de)
Handicap-Prinzip
1
2English (en)
Handicap principle
1
3Russian (ru)
Концепция гандикапа
1
4Arabic (ar)
قاعدة التعويق
0
5Catalan (ca)
Principi de l'hàndicap
0
6Czech (cs)
Hypotéza handicapů
0
7Spanish (es)
Principio del handicap
0
8Persian (fa)
اصل علامت‌دهی پرهزینه
0
9French (fr)
Théorie du handicap
0
10Hebrew (he)
עקרון ההכבדה
0
More...

The following table shows the language versions of the article with the highest number of citations.

The highest CI

Language versions of the article "Handicap principle" with the highest Citation Index (CI)
#LanguageCI awardRelative CI
1English (en)
Handicap principle
331
2Turkish (tr)
Handikap ilkesi
169
3Arabic (ar)
قاعدة التعويق
118
4Portuguese (pt)
Princípio do handicap
115
5Hebrew (he)
עקרון ההכבדה
46
6French (fr)
Théorie du handicap
45
7Japanese (ja)
ハンディキャップ理論
30
8German (de)
Handicap-Prinzip
28
9Spanish (es)
Principio del handicap
18
10Russian (ru)
Концепция гандикапа
18
More...

Scores

Estimated value for Wikipedia:
English:
Global:
Popularity in June 2025:
English:
Global:
Popularity in all years:
English:
Global:
Authors in June 2025:
English:
Global:
Registered authors in all years:
English:
Global:
Citations:
English:
Global:

Quality measures

Interwikis

#LanguageValue
arArabic
قاعدة التعويق
caCatalan
Principi de l'hàndicap
csCzech
Hypotéza handicapů
deGerman
Handicap-Prinzip
enEnglish
Handicap principle
esSpanish
Principio del handicap
faPersian
اصل علامت‌دهی پرهزینه
frFrench
Théorie du handicap
heHebrew
עקרון ההכבדה
itItalian
Principio dell'handicap
jaJapanese
ハンディキャップ理論
noNorwegian
Handikapprinsippet
plPolish
Hipoteza upośledzenia
ptPortuguese
Princípio do handicap
ruRussian
Концепция гандикапа
simpleSimple English
Handicap principle
svSwedish
Handikappsprincipen
trTurkish
Handikap ilkesi
ukUkrainian
Принцип гандикапу
viVietnamese
Nguyên lý đánh đổi

Popularity rank trends

Best Rank English:
#60714
05.2015
Global:
#99713
05.2015

AI rank trends

Best Rank English:
#13501
10.2003
Global:
#25124
10.2003

Languages comparison

Important global interconnections (July 2024 – June 2025)

Wikipedia readers most often find their way to information on Handicap principle from Wikipedia articles about Handicap, Peafowl, Sexual dimorphism, Costly signaling theory in evolutionary psychology and Signalling theory. Whereas reading the article about Handicap principle people most often go to Wikipedia articles on Amotz Zahavi, Veblen effect, Signalling theory, Conspicuous consumption and Fisherian runaway.

Cumulative results of quality and popularity of the Wikipedia article

List of Wikipedia articles in different languages (starting with the most popular):

News from 9 December 2025

On 9 December 2025 in multilingual Wikipedia, Internet users most often read articles on the following topics: Stranger Things, 2026 FIFA World Cup, Lando Norris, Millie Bobby Brown, Sean Combs, It: Welcome to Derry, ChatGPT, Zootopia 2, deaths in 2025, Cassie Ventura.

In English Wikipedia the most popular articles on that day were: Dhurandhar, Philip Rivers, Google Chrome, Rehman Dakait, Sean Combs, It – Welcome to Derry, Deaths in 2025, Lando Norris, Bruce Lee, Cassie Ventura.

About WikiRank

The WikiRank project is intended for automatic relative evaluation of the articles in the various language versions of Wikipedia. At the moment the service allows to compare over 44 million Wikipedia articles in 55 languages. Quality scores of articles are based on Wikipedia dumps from July, 2025. When calculating current popularity and AI of articles data from June 2025 was taken into account. For historical values of popularity and AI WikiRank used data from 2001 to 2025... More information