The spandrels of San Marco and the Panglossian paradigm

The spandrels of San Marco and the Panglossian paradigm: a critique of the adaptationist programme - scientific article (publication date: 21 September 1979). Article "The spandrels of San Marco and the Panglossian paradigm" in Dutch Wikipedia has 14.8 points for quality (as of August 1, 2024). The article contains 2 references and 1 sections.

This article has the best quality in English Wikipedia. Also, this article is the most popular in that language version.

Since the creation of article "The spandrels of San Marco and the Panglossian paradigm", its content was written by 14 registered users of Dutch Wikipedia and edited by 34 registered Wikipedia users in all languages.

The article is cited 40 times in Dutch Wikipedia and cited 63 times in all languages.

The highest Authors Interest rank from 2001:

• Local (Dutch): #8416 in September 2019
• Global: #153287 in November 2019

The highest popularity rank from 2008:

• Local (Dutch): #139929 in March 2009
• Global: #641374 in March 2021

There are 4 language versions for this article in the WikiRank database (of the considered 55 Wikipedia language editions).

The quality and popularity assessment was based on Wikipédia dumps from August 1, 2024 (including revision history and pageviews for previous years).

The table below shows the language versions of the article with the highest quality.

#	Language	Quality grade	Quality score
1	English (en) The Spandrels of San Marco and the Panglossian Paradigm		39.5308
2	French (fr) The Spandrels of San Marco and the Panglossian Paradigm		30.95
3	Persian (fa) اسپاندرال‌های سن مارکو و پارادایم پانگلوسی		22.5112
4	Dutch (nl) The spandrels of San Marco and the Panglossian paradigm		14.7555

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The following table shows the most popular language versions of the article.

The most popular language versions of the article "The spandrels of San Marco and the Panglossian paradigm" in all the time

#	Language	Popularity award	Relative popularity
1	English (en) The Spandrels of San Marco and the Panglossian Paradigm		58 493
2	Dutch (nl) The spandrels of San Marco and the Panglossian paradigm		11 727
3	French (fr) The Spandrels of San Marco and the Panglossian Paradigm		2 012
4	Persian (fa) اسپاندرال‌های سن مارکو و پارادایم پانگلوسی		59

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The following table shows the language versions of the article with the highest popularity in the last month.

The most popular language versions of the article "The spandrels of San Marco and the Panglossian paradigm" in July 2024

#	Language	Popularity award	Relative popularity
1	English (en) The Spandrels of San Marco and the Panglossian Paradigm		660
2	Dutch (nl) The spandrels of San Marco and the Panglossian paradigm		19
3	French (fr) The Spandrels of San Marco and the Panglossian Paradigm		15
4	Persian (fa) اسپاندرال‌های سن مارکو و پارادایم پانگلوسی		8

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The following table shows the language versions of the article with the highest Authors’ Interest.

Language versions of the article "The spandrels of San Marco and the Panglossian paradigm" with the highest Authors Interest (number of authors). Only registered Wikipedia users were taken into account.

#	Language	AI award	Relative AI
1	Dutch (nl) The spandrels of San Marco and the Panglossian paradigm		14
2	English (en) The Spandrels of San Marco and the Panglossian Paradigm		12
3	French (fr) The Spandrels of San Marco and the Panglossian Paradigm		6
4	Persian (fa) اسپاندرال‌های سن مارکو و پارادایم پانگلوسی		2

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The following table shows the language versions of the article with the highest Authors’ Interest in the last month.

Language versions of the article "The spandrels of San Marco and the Panglossian paradigm" with the highest AI in July 2024

#	Language	AI award	Relative AI
1	English (en) The Spandrels of San Marco and the Panglossian Paradigm		1
2	Persian (fa) اسپاندرال‌های سن مارکو و پارادایم پانگلوسی		0
3	French (fr) The Spandrels of San Marco and the Panglossian Paradigm		0
4	Dutch (nl) The spandrels of San Marco and the Panglossian paradigm		0

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The following table shows the language versions of the article with the highest number of citations.

Language versions of the article "The spandrels of San Marco and the Panglossian paradigm" with the highest Citation Index (CI)

#	Language	CI award	Relative CI
1	Dutch (nl) The spandrels of San Marco and the Panglossian paradigm		40
2	English (en) The Spandrels of San Marco and the Panglossian Paradigm		15
3	French (fr) The Spandrels of San Marco and the Panglossian Paradigm		6
4	Persian (fa) اسپاندرال‌های سن مارکو و پارادایم پانگلوسی		2

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#	Language	Value
en	English The Spandrels of San Marco and the Panglossian Paradigm
fa	Persian اسپاندرال‌های سن مارکو و پارادایم پانگلوسی
fr	French The Spandrels of San Marco and the Panglossian Paradigm
nl	Dutch The spandrels of San Marco and the Panglossian paradigm

Best Rank

Dutch: #139929 03.2009

Global: #641374 03.2021

Best Rank

Dutch: #8416 09.2019

Global: #153287 11.2019

On 28 March 2025 in multilingual Wikipedia, Internet users most often read articles on the following topics: Myanmar, Adolescence, Greenland, Solar eclipse of March 29, 2025, Snow White, Rachel Zegler, deaths in 2025, Incel, Selena, Usha Vance.

In Dutch Wikipedia the most popular articles on that day were: Loretta Schrijver, Myanmar, Johnny Cash, Herman van Veen, Roos Moggré, Big Brother 2025, June Carter Cash, Mathieu van der Poel, ChatGPT, Kasper van der Laan.

The WikiRank project is intended for automatic relative evaluation of the articles in the various language versions of Wikipedia. At the moment the service allows to compare over 44 million Wikipedia articles in 55 languages. Quality scores of articles are based on Wikipedia dumps from August, 2024. When calculating current popularity and AI of articles data from July 2024 was taken into account. For historical values of popularity and AI WikiRank used data from 2001 to 2023... More information