Penrose–Hawking singularity theorems

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Penrose–Hawking singularity theorems

Quality:

Penrose–Hawking singularity theorems - theorem. Article "Penrose–Hawking singularity theorems" in English Wikipedia has 27.4 points for quality (as of July 1, 2025). The article contains 10 references and 10 sections. The article also contains quality flaw template, which reduce quality score.

This article has the best quality in Chinese Wikipedia. However, this article is the most popular in English version.

In June 2025 the article "Penrose–Hawking singularity theorems" was edited by 1 authors in English Wikipedia and written by 1 authors in all languages.

Since the creation of article "Penrose–Hawking singularity theorems", its content was written by 107 registered users of English Wikipedia and edited by 255 registered Wikipedia users in all languages.

The article is cited 217 times in English Wikipedia and cited 950 times in all languages.

The highest Authors Interest rank from 2001:

  • Local (English): #12748 in October 2003
  • Global: #23921 in August 2003

The highest popularity rank from 2008:

  • Local (English): #11493 in March 2018
  • Global: #14502 in March 2018

There are 17 language versions for this article in the WikiRank database (of the considered 55 Wikipedia language editions).

The quality and popularity assessment was based on Wikipédia dumps from July 1, 2025 (including revision history and pageviews for previous years).

The table below shows the language versions of the article with the highest quality.

Languages with the highest quality

#LanguageQuality gradeQuality score
1Chinese (zh)
彭罗斯-霍金奇点定理
38.9606
2English (en)
Penrose–Hawking singularity theorems
27.4172
3Estonian (et)
Singulaarsusteoreem
24.8591
4Korean (ko)
펜로즈–호킹 특이점 정리
23.9791
5Russian (ru)
Теоремы Пенроуза — Хокинга о сингулярности
22.9317
6Polish (pl)
Twierdzenie o osobliwościach
22.4509
7Spanish (es)
Teoremas de singularidad de Penrose-Hawking
20.8375
8German (de)
Singularitäten-Theorem
19.5318
9Arabic (ar)
نظريات التفرد (بينروز-هوكينج)
18.5772
10Vietnamese (vi)
Các định lý về điểm kỳ dị Penrose–Hawking
9.1033
More...

The following table shows the most popular language versions of the article.

Most popular in all the time

The most popular language versions of the article "Penrose–Hawking singularity theorems" in all the time
#LanguagePopularity awardRelative popularity
1English (en)
Penrose–Hawking singularity theorems
1 124 901
2Japanese (ja)
特異点定理
336 250
3Portuguese (pt)
Teoremas de singularidade Penrose-Hawking
125 215
4German (de)
Singularitäten-Theorem
88 174
5Polish (pl)
Twierdzenie o osobliwościach
84 070
6French (fr)
Théorèmes sur les singularités
78 229
7Chinese (zh)
彭罗斯-霍金奇点定理
57 894
8Persian (fa)
قضایای تکینگی پنروز-هاوکینگ
36 959
9Swedish (sv)
Singularitetssatserna
32 684
10Russian (ru)
Теоремы Пенроуза — Хокинга о сингулярности
18 225
More...

The following table shows the language versions of the article with the highest popularity in the last month.

Most popular in June 2025

The most popular language versions of the article "Penrose–Hawking singularity theorems" in June 2025
#LanguagePopularity awardRelative popularity
1English (en)
Penrose–Hawking singularity theorems
4 378
2Japanese (ja)
特異点定理
1 043
3German (de)
Singularitäten-Theorem
408
4Russian (ru)
Теоремы Пенроуза — Хокинга о сингулярности
397
5Chinese (zh)
彭罗斯-霍金奇点定理
387
6Polish (pl)
Twierdzenie o osobliwościach
343
7Portuguese (pt)
Teoremas de singularidade Penrose-Hawking
237
8French (fr)
Théorèmes sur les singularités
213
9Spanish (es)
Teoremas de singularidad de Penrose-Hawking
181
10Korean (ko)
펜로즈–호킹 특이점 정리
111
More...

The following table shows the language versions of the article with the highest Authors’ Interest.

The highest AI

Language versions of the article "Penrose–Hawking singularity theorems" with the highest Authors Interest (number of authors). Only registered Wikipedia users were taken into account.
#LanguageAI awardRelative AI
1English (en)
Penrose–Hawking singularity theorems
107
2French (fr)
Théorèmes sur les singularités
25
3German (de)
Singularitäten-Theorem
23
4Polish (pl)
Twierdzenie o osobliwościach
23
5Japanese (ja)
特異点定理
18
6Chinese (zh)
彭罗斯-霍金奇点定理
13
7Portuguese (pt)
Teoremas de singularidade Penrose-Hawking
9
8Persian (fa)
قضایای تکینگی پنروز-هاوکینگ
7
9Swedish (sv)
Singularitetssatserna
7
10Korean (ko)
펜로즈–호킹 특이점 정리
6
More...

The following table shows the language versions of the article with the highest Authors’ Interest in the last month.

The highest AI in June 2025

Language versions of the article "Penrose–Hawking singularity theorems" with the highest AI in June 2025
#LanguageAI awardRelative AI
1English (en)
Penrose–Hawking singularity theorems
1
2Arabic (ar)
نظريات التفرد (بينروز-هوكينج)
0
3Catalan (ca)
Teoremes de la singularitat Penrose-Hawking
0
4German (de)
Singularitäten-Theorem
0
5Spanish (es)
Teoremas de singularidad de Penrose-Hawking
0
6Estonian (et)
Singulaarsusteoreem
0
7Persian (fa)
قضایای تکینگی پنروز-هاوکینگ
0
8French (fr)
Théorèmes sur les singularités
0
9Indonesian (id)
Teorema Singularitas Penrose–Hawking
0
10Japanese (ja)
特異点定理
0
More...

The following table shows the language versions of the article with the highest number of citations.

The highest CI

Language versions of the article "Penrose–Hawking singularity theorems" with the highest Citation Index (CI)
#LanguageCI awardRelative CI
1English (en)
Penrose–Hawking singularity theorems
217
2Persian (fa)
قضایای تکینگی پنروز-هاوکینگ
116
3Portuguese (pt)
Teoremas de singularidade Penrose-Hawking
98
4French (fr)
Théorèmes sur les singularités
81
5Russian (ru)
Теоремы Пенроуза — Хокинга о сингулярности
71
6Arabic (ar)
نظريات التفرد (بينروز-هوكينج)
69
7Korean (ko)
펜로즈–호킹 특이점 정리
68
8Vietnamese (vi)
Các định lý về điểm kỳ dị Penrose–Hawking
61
9Japanese (ja)
特異点定理
49
10Chinese (zh)
彭罗斯-霍金奇点定理
38
More...

Scores

Estimated value for Wikipedia:
English:
Global:
Popularity in June 2025:
English:
Global:
Popularity in all years:
English:
Global:
Authors in June 2025:
English:
Global:
Registered authors in all years:
English:
Global:
Citations:
English:
Global:

Quality measures

Interwikis

#LanguageValue
arArabic
نظريات التفرد (بينروز-هوكينج)
caCatalan
Teoremes de la singularitat Penrose-Hawking
deGerman
Singularitäten-Theorem
enEnglish
Penrose–Hawking singularity theorems
esSpanish
Teoremas de singularidad de Penrose-Hawking
etEstonian
Singulaarsusteoreem
faPersian
قضایای تکینگی پنروز-هاوکینگ
frFrench
Théorèmes sur les singularités
idIndonesian
Teorema Singularitas Penrose–Hawking
jaJapanese
特異点定理
koKorean
펜로즈–호킹 특이점 정리
plPolish
Twierdzenie o osobliwościach
ptPortuguese
Teoremas de singularidade Penrose-Hawking
ruRussian
Теоремы Пенроуза — Хокинга о сингулярности
svSwedish
Singularitetssatserna
viVietnamese
Các định lý về điểm kỳ dị Penrose–Hawking
zhChinese
彭罗斯-霍金奇点定理

Popularity rank trends

Best Rank English:
#11493
03.2018
Global:
#14502
03.2018

AI rank trends

Best Rank English:
#12748
10.2003
Global:
#23921
08.2003

Languages comparison

Important global interconnections (July 2024 – June 2025)

Wikipedia readers most often find their way to information on Penrose–Hawking singularity theorems from Wikipedia articles about Stephen Hawking, Roger Penrose, Singularity (disambiguation), Gravitational singularity and Cosmic censorship hypothesis. Whereas reading the article about Penrose–Hawking singularity theorems people most often go to Wikipedia articles on Gravitational singularity, Roger Penrose, Stephen Hawking, Event horizon and Pseudo-Riemannian manifold.

Cumulative results of quality and popularity of the Wikipedia article

List of Wikipedia articles in different languages (starting with the most popular):

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About WikiRank

The WikiRank project is intended for automatic relative evaluation of the articles in the various language versions of Wikipedia. At the moment the service allows to compare over 44 million Wikipedia articles in 55 languages. Quality scores of articles are based on Wikipedia dumps from July, 2025. When calculating current popularity and AI of articles data from June 2025 was taken into account. For historical values of popularity and AI WikiRank used data from 2001 to 2025... More information